Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common condition that affects the tissues supporting your teeth. It typically begins as gingivitis, which causes redness, swelling, and bleeding gums. If left untreated, it can progress into a more serious form called periodontitis, where the gums pull away from the teeth and bone loss can occur.
The primary cause of gum disease is plaque—a sticky film of bacteria that builds up on teeth and along the gumline. When plaque isn’t removed through brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, creating an environment where harmful bacteria thrive.
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